Prediction of droplet velocity and rain out in horizontal, isothermal two-phase free jet flows

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A two-zone entrainment model, utilizing a variable two-phase entrainment coefficient and a virtual origin related to the nozzle outlet conditions, is derived and validated based on experimental data of the droplet velocity and size in horizontal, isothermal two-phase air/ viscous liquid phase free jet flows. The entrainment process is enhanced while the jet perimeter is lower and the breakup length is longer in case of air/ higher viscosity liquid phase (relative to that of water) free jet flow. The proposed model provides accurate predictions of the droplet velocity and rain out in comparison with those of two-phase dispersion models in the literature. Moderate extrapolatability of the proposal with respect to another jet flow orientation, fluid type, outlet condition and geometry is expected in view of the physics-based modelling.