Biodiesel – hoch siedendes Absorbens für die Abluftreinigung (English shop)

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are used in many industrial processes. As a result, considerable quantities of these components are emitted into the environment with the waste gas. Both from an economic point of view and because of the damaging effects of solvents on the environment, the elimination or reduction of pollutant emissions is an absolute necessity.

Absorption using high-boiling absorbents is a suitable process for separating pollutants from waste air, whereby the pollutants can be recovered at high purity. Owing to its favourable physical properties and above all its favourable price compared with conventional absorbents, biodiesel recommends itself as a new alternative. In addition, biodiesel opens up new technological possibilities in which material and energetic utilisation can be combined. Whereas conventional absorbents must inevitably be regenerated or disposed of at considerable expense, biodiesel can be used energetically, which is what it is mostly intended for anyway. The focus of this work is the design of the absorption process using biodiesel as absorbent.

Within the scope of this work, essential elements of the absorption process for the removal of pollutants from waste air streams using biodiesel as absorbent were investigated, starting from the characterisation of the material properties of biodiesel through to the consideration of industrial requirements. In this context, investigations were also carried out on phase equilibrium, on mass transfer at laboratory and semi-industrial scale, and on the coupling of material and energetic utilisation of biodiesel in various process variants. On the basis of the models and results obtained, the application of the process under varying operating parameters and cost factors for industrial conditions is discussed.

The present work and the detailed investigations it contains have shown that, under certain conditions, biodiesel is a good alternative to conventional high-boiling absorbents.