Physiological Response to Drought Stress of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Differing in Drought Resistance (English shop)

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This dissertation investigates the physiological and biochemical responses of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes differing in drought resistance. The research focuses on drought tolerance, water-use efficiency, biomass accumulation, and seed yield formation. Six bean genotypes are initially evaluated, followed by detailed comparisons between the drought-resistant line SEA 15 and the drought-susceptible cultivar Brown Speckled. Experiments examine the effects of water limitation during vegetative and reproductive growth stages on photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, leaf water relations, and assimilate partitioning. Changes in carbohydrate metabolism, abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations, and leaf protein expression are also investigated. The results demonstrate that SEA 15 maintains higher water-use efficiency and more effective biomass allocation to reproductive organs under drought stress. Seed yield decreases by approximately 30% in SEA 15 compared with 53% in Brown Speckled. Reduced photosynthetic activity and limited assimilate availability contribute significantly to the greater drought sensitivity of the susceptible genotype. Proteomic analyses further reveal substantial changes in leaf protein expression. These findings provide important physiological insights for developing drought-resistant common bean cultivars.