Untersuchung und Optimierung sorptionsgestützter Klimatisierungsprozesse (English shop)

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This dissertation investigates opportunities for improving the energy efficiency and economic performance of desiccant-assisted air-conditioning processes. With increasing demand for indoor climate control in modern buildings and the high electricity consumption of conventional air-conditioning systems, alternative approaches to air dehumidification and cooling are becoming increasingly important. Desiccant-assisted systems allow these processes to be separated by removing moisture from the air using a solid desiccant material. The thermal energy required for regeneration can be supplied, for example, by waste heat or solar thermal systems.

The research focuses on the experimental investigation of a desiccant-assisted air-conditioning system under real operating conditions and the mathematical modeling of the underlying heat and mass transfer processes. A demonstration system installed in an office building in Hamburg is investigated, combining desiccant-based air dehumidification with floor cooling and the use of the ground as a heat sink. Experimental measurements are used to evaluate the system’s operating characteristics, energy requirements, and economic performance.

Another major objective is the development of a dynamic simulation model for desiccant wheels using the Modelica modeling language. The models are validated against experimental measurements and manufacturer data and subsequently integrated into a simulation library for desiccant-assisted air-conditioning systems. Different system configurations are investigated, including the integration of combined heat and power generation and fuel cells, the application of indirect evaporative cooling, and the characteristics of different desiccant materials. System concepts suitable for hot and humid climates are also evaluated. The findings provide criteria for assessing the technical feasibility, energy efficiency, and economic suitability of desiccant-assisted air-conditioning systems under different operating conditions.