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Auswirkung gelöster Ionen auf die Frostschädigung bei reinem Frostangriff

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With every freeze-thaw cycle, water present on the outside and the ions dissolved in it are pumped into the concrete microstructure as a result of the micro-ice-lens pump. To date, it has not been determined with sufficient accuracy how a very low ion concentration – such as is characteristic, for example, of precipitation water and similar surface water – affects frost damage.

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of very low ion concentrations on concrete damage resulting from pure frost attack. The question was examined as to what extent very low ion concentrations added to the test solution in the CIF test influence scaling and internal damage, and to what extent these results can be correlated with practical experience from outdoor exposure tests. The intention is to provide additional data in order to make the test method for pure frost attack at high saturation – XF3 – even more meaningful, more readily correlatable with practice and thus more reliable. The results presented here show that ion concentrations still within the range of ordinary precipitation water and similar surface water considerably increase scaling.